Fire wall



M. LIPTAK FIRE WALL March 1 2 Sheets-S 1 Filed Nov. 1, 1928 INV MJCHA L LIFT/4K Byfipg/ .wmuws 5 1 m um. aswm'wamsim Match 11, 1930. K 1,750,532

FIRE WALL Filed Nov. 1. 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 0/59 [0 9 AL /59 o 9 .1 9 1o 9 INVENTOR MICHAEL L/PTAK Attorneys Patented Mar. 11, 1930 MICHAEL LIPTAK, OF

FIRE

Application filed November This invention relates to improvements in fire walls and has, among its objects, to provide a wall comprising two sections one of which is herein called the permanent wall and the other of which is called the replaceable wall, the latter wall being connected with the former so that its elements may be replaced when burned out, and this replaceable wall being that one which is directly exposed to the heat.

Specific objects are to provide means for tying the wall sections together; to provide tie elements and means forming part of the permanent wall, and extending across the space between the walls in a manner to reinforce or support these tie elements; to provide a hollow fire wall having a replaceable portion, in which certain elements of the replaceable portion are arranged to provide dead air spaces, and in some instances to make such spaces continuous throughout the longitudinal extent of the wall; to provide an arrangement of the elements of the replaceable wall so that the dead air spaces above mentioned may communicate with the inner-wall space; to provide an air space between the walls, and to so construct the wall that it is as strong as a solid wall, this object being accomplished by providing what may be termed a cantilever arrangement whereby elements are provided which extend beneath the tie elements across the space between the walls, but which supporting elements do not extend into the replaceable wall; to provide a refractory mortar joint, that is such a joint as will permit the tie elements which extend into both walls to be easily loosened and removed from the permanent wall, thus obviating the necessity for chiseling out the brick for replacement; to provide superposed courses of headers each supported by an element which is anchored in the permanent wall and which extends across the space between the walls, and to further provide space elements between these headers so that the superposed wall interspaces between superposed courses of headers may intercommunicate vertically throughout the wall, and to also provide an arrangement in which no such intercommunication is had,

PATENT OFFICE,

ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA WALL 1, 1928. Serial No. 316,513.

and to prevent this intercommunication by means of header elements, arranged only inl the replaceable wall, or portion. Features and advantages of the invention will be disclosed in the description of the drawings forming a part of this application, and in said drawings: Figure 1 is a perspective view, with portions removed to more clearly illustrate the: 1

construction Figure 2 is a plan section substantially on line 2-2 of Figure 4:; e a

Figure 3 is a plan section substantially on line 33 of Figure 4; Figure l is a vertical section taken on lines 44 4& of Figures 2 and 3; v 1

Figure 5 is a vertical section taken sub-- stantially on lines 5-5 5-5 of Figures 2- and 3;

Figure 6 is a view corresponding to Figure 5 but showing a modification in which header elements arranged in the replaceable wall extend into the wall inter-space; and

Figure 7 is a plan section on line 77 of Figure 6. I I The permanent wall portion is, in this instance, built between and supported by longitudinally extending horizontally arranged channel irons 1, which form part of a struc-Z ture which is disclosed in my Patent Number 1,665,556. Although the supportingv means for these channel elements have not been shown, it will be understood that theyf are properly supported at opposite ends and that they are cross-connected. Of course, the use of these iron is not necessary to the pres-I ent invention and they have only been used: for purposes of illustration. Between these superposed irons are arranged bricks in'al 7 t terna-te header and stretcher courses in a manner to provide superposed rows of horizon-- tally aligned sockets. As far as the broad. feature of the invention is concerned, it is immaterial how the wall is formed, except that it provides these sockets, or their equiv alent, the bottom-forming members of which extend across the space between the walls but not into the replaceable wall. As hereinafter explained, these members form supports for the tie members which have ends arranged placeable wall can bearranged in-other ways,

.-.18 ''I9. This replaceable wall, in this inin the socket, and which ties have the outer ends extending beyond the bottom-forming elements of the sockets, to support the replaceable wall at a point beyond the inner ends of said bottom-forming elements.

The socket bottom-forming elements are indicated at 5, and as shown have the form of substantially thick header elements some of whichare laid upon the channels 1 and project beyond the inner face of the permanent wall. It will be understood that each of these elements could be a metal plate, the main feature being that each extends beyond the wall for the purpose above stated. The reinforcing elements '5 have arranged between them, see Figure 3, header elements 7 "of less length than the elements 5, so that 'vertical "spaces 8 are formed. Upon the top of the' elements 5'are arranged bricks 9, (s'ee' Figure 2) which abut bricks 10, which, inturnfoverlie the bricks 7. The length of th'eelem'ent 10'is' substantially the same as the length of the element 7 so that the vertical aircirculatin'g spaces Sare maintained. By inspectionnf Figure 2, it will be seen that the bricks 9 and 10 together with header 5, and-ca -bric'ks or'slabs 11 form the sockets above referred to. The cap bricks engage the uppersurfa'ces of bricks 9 and 10. The bricks fillin the spaces above and below the sockets i'r'iclude headers 12*and stretchers 13 and 1d. The bricks 1 1' are facers for the channel irons 1.

"In each socket, in this'ints'ance, are placed twoelongated-header elements, each pair of which is, therefore,supported by an element 5. These lo'n'g header or tie elements are indicated'at 15and project beyond the bottomforming elements 5'as'best shown in Figure 1. The 'length'of this projection beyond the ends of theelements 15, is, in this instance, substantially equal to the depth or thickness of the replaceable wall whieh is composed of liriCks'arra-nged' between and supported only b'y'the long headers 15. The brick of the reburherein include-stretcher courses composed of'outer' an'd Inner rows of bricks, the members of which are respectlvely indicated at i stance, includes alternate header and stretcher courses, the stretcher courses including the members 18 and 19 and the header courses including the bricks 20. Between adjacent pairs of long tie header elements 15, and ly ing within-the area-of the replaceable wall portion are header elements 21,'see Figures 1 and 5, which are of a length substantially equal to the thickness of the replaceable wall.

- These 'elements as'well as the elements 7 and betweenthe superposed courses'of long headers. This arrangement is a feature of the invention, as is also the arrangement shown in Figures 6 and 7 in which the elements 22 corresponding to the elements 21 are extended across the space between the wall to close the spaces 8 and therefore interrupt communication between the opposing horizontal interwall space, but to further strengthen the wall, and yet provide dead air space proper for the purpose in hand.

Another important feature of the invention is the arrangement of the elements 18 and 19 to form longitudinally extended dead air spaces 25 in the replaceable wall. Another feature of the invention is the arrangement of the bricks 18, see Figure 3, in which the bricks of the stretcher courses are spaced apart as at 26 to provide inter-communication between the longitudinal spaces-25 and the wall inter-space.

It will be understood that although the blocks'9 are used, they may be dispensed with and the header elements 15 be extended from the outer face of the permanent wall to the outer'face of the replaceable wall and therefore completely through both walls and across the space between them.

There is no intention to be limited'to'the particular shape or material of the reinforcing elements 5 or the dimensions thereof, inasmuch as the broad idea is tosupport'the headers 15 in maximum degree across the wall inter-space without having the elements 5 enter or form a part of the replaceable wall.

Another feature of the invention is thear rangement of the element (or elements) -15 in the sockets so that each can be loosened aft-er embedment in the mortar. Of course, in case the elements 9 are dispensed with and the headers 15 are extended flush with the outer surface of the permanent wall, special provision for removing the headers from the sockets of the perpendicular wall is not nee essary inasmuch asthe elements 15 can be hammered in a lengthwise direction for removal, the blows being applied either at the inner or outer side of theheaders. However, under some conditions it is best'to usethe elements 9 and in this instance special pro the headers 15 so that the mortar -28'also overlies them, that is, is continuous over both the upper surfaces of the elements 15 and the elements 10. Of course, as before stated, when the elements 15 pass completely through both walls the construction immediately above described is unnecessary. However, as shown in the drawings, it will be seen that the socket is of a size to permit loosening of the headers after embedment in the mortar.

Although itis understood that the various features of the invention are all claimed broadly, it is also to be understood that all details of construction are also claimed. I claim as my invention: r 1. A permanent wall and a replaceable'wall spaced therefrom, headers extending into both walls and across the space between them, and elements as part of the permanent wall arranged below the first mentioned headers as supports and extending into the space between the walls, but not into the replaceable wall.

,2. A permanent wall having rows of horizontally aligned sockets, each socket having a header forming its bottom wall and extending beyond the permanent wall, aheader resting upon each bottom-forming header and extending therebeyond, and a replaceable wall comprising bricks arranged between and supported only by the last mentioned headers.

3. A permanent wall having rows of horizontally aligned sockets, each socket having a header forming its bottom wall and extending beyond the wall, a header resting upon each bottom-forming header and extending therebeyond, and a replaceable wall comprising bricks arranged between and supported only by said last mentioned headers at a ointbeyond but immediately adjacent said bottom-forming headers, and including alternate header and stretcher courses, the

elements of the stretcher courses being spaced in a direction transversely of the wall to provide dead air spaces, and the innermost elements of the said stretcher courses, being arranged to establish communication between the dead air spaces and the space between the permanent and replaceable walls.

H 4. A permanent wall having rows of horizontally aligned sockets, each socket having a. header forming its bottom wall and extending beyond the wall, a header resting upon each bottom-forming header and extending therebeyond and a replaceable wall comprising bricks arranged between and supported only by said last mentioned headers at a point beyond but immediately adjacent said bottom-forming headers, and including alternate header and stretcher courses, the elements of the stretcher courses being spaced in a direction transversely of the wall to provide dead air spaces.

5. A permanent wall having rows of horizontally aligned sockets, each socket having a header forming its bottom wall and extending beyond the permanent wall, a header resting upon each bottom-forming header and extending therebeyond, and a replaceable wall comprising bricks arranged between and supported only by the last mentioned headers, at a point beyondbut adjacent said bottom-forming headers. I f 6. A permanent wall, a replaceable wall spaced from said permanent wall, headers extending across the space between and into both walls and elements having ends removably arranged within the permanent wall and extending across the space between the walls but not entering the replaceable wall and forming supports for headers. 7 A permanent wall, and a replaceable wall spaced; therefrom, headers extending into both walls and across the space between them,-and elements as part of the permanent wall arranged below the first mentioned headers and reinforcing them, and extending entirely across the space between the walls but not into the replaceable wall.

8. A permanent wall and a replaceable wall spaced therefrom, headers extending into both walls and across the space between them, and elements as part of the permanent wall and detachably secured therein andarranged below the first mentioned headers and reinforcing them and extending entirely across the space between into the replaceable wall.

.9. A permanent wall and a replaceable:

wall spaced therefrom, headers extending into both walls and across the space between them, and elements as part of the permanent wall arranged below the first mentioned headers and reinforcing them and extending entirely across the space between the walls but not into the replaceable wall, the headers being arranged in spaced superposed courses,

and those portions of the permanent wall arranged between superposed courses of head-, ers including alternate header and stretcher courses, the elements of the stretcher courses being spaced in a direction transversely of the wall to provide dead air spaces, and the innermost elements of said stretcher courses being arranged to establish communication between said dead air spaces and the inter-; wall spaces.

10. A permanent wall and areplaceable wall spaced therefrom, headers extending into both walls and across the space between them, wall arranged below the first mentioned headers and reinforcing them and extending entirely across the space between the walls but not into the replaceable wall, the headersbeing arranged in spaced superposed courses,

and additional header elementsarranged in the replaceable wall between those headers which extend into both walls. v p

11. A permanent wall having superposed spaced rows of headers yond and a replaceable wall rows, said rows being spaced transversely of the walls but not and elements as part of the permanent extending therebe- 7 comprising bricksarranged between and supported by and including alternate header :thewaltto'provinecontinucus deskrdir'spaces land n "replaceable *wvallbompriin bricks arran edbetween and supported by the headers, and including alternate-header and stretchercourses, which-courses include rows, I said rows-being spacedtransversely of the wall to provide continuous deafd air spaces-lengthwisethereof, and' 'said walls' betug-spaced apart, and the members of that 'ofstretchersadjacentthespacebetween the' walls having-their ends spaced' apart -to form i=11tercomn'1unicatio'n between the space 'between'the--'walls and the air spaces'wtween the rowscfthe bricks ofthereplaceable wall. 13. A permanent wall 'having' vertically spacett'rows of horizontally aligned sockets there-in; --eaeh soeket having a"bottomformm g-element which e'irtends beyond the wall, aheader' resti u-pon each? bottomforming element and -arranged in thesoeket andextending beyon'd s'ai'd -'bottoin iformin'g ?e'le meat, sand a "replaceable 'Wall comprising briek's arranged and-supported onlyonthe headers at a point beyond thebottom form ingelements, theheight of 'the 'so'ckets a-bove the-' bottom forintn elementsbeingdess than thatot-the-headers'topermit looseningof the headersafter'embedment inmo'rtar. p

1145A perm'a-neiit -wa'll "having vertically spaced rows of horizontal'ly aligned sockets thereinyeach socket having a header foinnng it's lower-wall and-extending beyond the wall, a -hea cler restingaipon each =bettom fomnng header havingan'enderranged inithe'soeket and extending beyond the header,==and-' afreplaceiiable wall f comprising bricks arranged betw en and supported on'ly by the lastmentioned headersata point' beyond aridimmediately adjacent the first mentioned head'- e'rsg' the-socket beingo f' a sizeto; permit-l oo'sening iof the headers;afterembedment in mortar.

- ortions of the hea derswhich exte1fd=-across the spaceb'etween the wal ls are supported for the-*itu ll'distancescross that space. A

16. A permanent wallhavin headersiextendingtherebeyond;-areplaceable w llreomprising bricks 'ar'ranged between and supby the headers; and inchiding header and stretcher courses, thei'stretcherconrses inclnding'ro'ws spaced-from each other indilongitudinal dead air spaces.

I7. permanentwvallmaving headers em tending therebeyond,-a 'replaceablewall'comprising bricks arranged between-arid ported-by the' headers,and including stretc her courses, including *rows 'SPtlCBdTIUHlfQECh other: in direction transversely of the wallto provide dead air spaces. M

18. A permanent wall'havin headers extending therebeyond; a replaceablewalhcomprising -bricks "arranged between "and Snp- '2 ported'by the headergand includingstreteher courses, includingro ws: spaced from the other in direction transversely of the-willie provide'dead air spaces, said permanent and replaceable Walls being-spacedapart;"arnfthe ing arranged in spaced superpose'd'courses,

and those portions ofthe permanent wall nranged between superposed courses of head'- ers including alternate header and Stretcher courses, the elements of the stretcher courses beingspaced in a direction 'transvers" the-wall to provide dead air spacesyarf *the innermost'elements 'of saidstretcherwnrses being arranged to establish communication between said dead=air spaces and the interwall-spaces, and additional headerelemefits j' arranged in the replaceable 'wall- -between those headers'which extend intd'both walls and-of a leng'th-si'lbstantially 'equal'to the thickness of the replaceable wall.

Inwv-itness whereof, Iha've lieret'l'nto let 1i my hand this 26th day ofOctober,1I928 MICHAEL LIPTiQK. 

